Pneumonia in Children:Sequelae,Prevention,Prognosis

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PNEUMONIAS IN CHILDREN

Sequelae and Prognosis

Related topics

Clinical Features and Causes

Diagnosis Treatment Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia Differentiation

Cephalosporins

Dr Ira Shah
M.D, DCH(Gold Medalist), FCPS, DNB

Sequelae:

Most children with uncomplicated pneumonia recover without sequelae. Persistent effusions and empyemas are the most common serious complications of a href="/fordoctor/diseasesandcondition/infectious_diseases/Pneumonias_DiagTreat.asp#bactviralpneumonia" style="color:#10a2e0;text-decoration:none;">bacterial pneumonia.
Pulmonary abscess
Respiratory distress
Sepsis
Pneumatoceles especially with staphylococcal infections
In children who have recurrent or chronic symptoms, further testing including skin testing to identify fungal pathogens, sweat chloride estimation to identify Cystic fibrosis, titers against rare organisms, and bronchoscopy may be required.

Prevention:
Several vaccines exist that may prevent certain types of pneumonia.

neumococcal vaccine should be given to children with asplenia or sickle cell disease or have undergone splenectomy. A new conjugated pneumococcal vaccine has been developed and is recommended as a part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.
Conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine is recommended as a part of the routine childhood immunization schedule and has reduced the incidence of infections caused by this organism.
Varicella vaccine is especially recommended in children who are immunocompromised or adults who are unprotected.
Influenza vaccines usually are given only to chronically ill children.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for most forms of pneumonia is excellent.
Most cases of viral pneumonia resolve without treatment; common bacterial pathogens and atypical organisms respond to antimicrobial therapy.
The prognosis for varicella pneumonia is somewhat more guarded.
Staphylococcal pneumonia, although rare, can be very serious despite treatment.
Immunocompromised children, those with underlying lung disease, and neonates are at high risk for severe sequelae.
Some forms of viral pneumonia, particularly adenoviral disease, tend to cause bronchiolitis obliterans and hyperlucent lung syndrome.

Also See Article On "PNEUMONIA" For More Information
See Expertise Views For Questions On"Pneumonias"
See Frquently Asked Questions On"Pneumonia"

Last created on 23-02-2001
Last updated on 24-05-2007

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