Objective:To compare the prevalence of markers of fetal onset of adult disease including
- Insulin resistance
- Hypertension and
- Dyslipidemia
among SGA and AGA babies at 5 years of age.
Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.
Setting: Institute of Child Health & Hospital for Children and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Methods: A total of 89 children were included in this study, of which 45 children who were born as Term SGA babies were included in the study group and 44 children who were born as Term AGA babies were included in the control group. Anthropometric workup, blood pressure measurement, fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin oral glucose tolerance test, and fasting lipid profile were done in this children.
Results: The insulin resistance in the study population was 31.1% as compared to 6.81% in control group. Applying the chi-square test for the insulin resistance index, the P value obtained was <0.05 (significant). All other parameters were normal in both the study and control group.
Conclusion: Being born as small for gestational age is a significant risk factor for the development of insulin resistance as evidenced by this study.
