4th Pediatric Infectious Diseases Conference
 
 
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Pedi Poll
Today's Poll
Should teicoplannin, colistin be used in case of neonatal sepsis where culture does not reveal any organism_?
No, it should be used only after drug sensitivity report
Yes, under guidance of an infectious disease expert
DIET IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
DIET IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Continue....
PRINCIPLES OF DIETARY MANAGEMENT
Potassium:- In patients with CRF, the ability to eliminate excessive amounts of potassium is decreased. If the potassium level in the blood is elevated, it causes complications. Potassium is found naturally in almost all foods of both plant and animal origin. Salt substitutes in the market may contain potassium and labels should be checked. Two methods of reducing potassium (leaching) in the foods are given below:

  • Method 1 Method 1:- Wash, peel and cut vegetables into small pieces. Soak in
        warm water for 2-3 hours. Discard water. Add large volume of fresh
        water and cook vegetables. Discard water.

  • Method 2 Method 2:- Peel vegetables and cut into small pieces. Bring to a boil in
        a large quantity of water. Discard water and cook in a large volume of
        fresh water. Discard excess water.

POTASSIUM CONTENT IN FOODS

Foods low in potassium: (group 1)

Rice, semolina (rawa)
Vegetables such as cucumber, ridge gourd(turai),snake gourd (padwal), tinda,broad beans,beetroot, fenugreek leaves(methi), green mango,
pink radish, bottle gourd (dudhi)
Fruits such as apple(1/4), pineapple(1/4), guava,papaya, pear.
Chicken and meat-boiled in excess water twice and drained.
Egg white.
Tea.
Foods moderate in potassium: (Group 2)

 

Rice flakes, corn flakes, bambino vermicelli.
Vegetables such as carrot, cauliflower, ladies finger, tomatoes, Bittergourd, onions , cabbage, white radish, pumpkin, brinjal, French beans.
Curd
Watermelon, grapes.
Foods high in potassium: (Group 3) 

Barley, ragi, wheat flour. All pulses
All leafy vegetables such as amaranth, coriander leaves, drumstick leaves, spinach; potato, colocasia, sweet potato, yam, drumstick, Green papaya, sword beans.
Milk, fish especially sardines
Nuts such as cashew nuts, almonds,etc; oilseeds such as peanuts.
Condiments and spices, jaggery.
Fruits such as sweetlime, mango, banana, chickoo,apricots, dates, figs, Melons, oranges, pears
Brown sugar, coffee, cocoa powder, chocolate.



Fluids :- The amount of fluids allowed usually depends on the urinary output and the body's need. Fluid allowance is different for each individual and has to be decided by the physician depending on the patients condition. Fluid intake and urinary output should be carefully recorded. Fluids include water, milk, curds, tea, coffee, sambhar, rasam and any other liquid food consumed.

Other minerals and vitamins :- If a patient has abnormal levels of phosphate and calcium, phosphate intake should be restricted to prevent or slow down the imbalance between calcium and phosphorus in the blood. Since most of the food contain phosphorus, a phosphate binder is used to prevent its absorption. B-complex vitamins are beneficial and are generally supplemented along with vitamin C and iron.


 
 
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