Blood Transfusion Adverse Reactions:AIHTR,Non Immune Hemolysis Treatment

4th Pediatric Infectious Diseases Conference

ISSN 0973 - 0958

Hematological Disorders

Administration of Blood

Hematological Disorders in Children

Anemia

Approach To A Bleeding Child

Hemophilia

Congenitial Immunodeficiency Detecting Guidelines

Red Cell Substitutes

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura in children

Hemoglobin Variants Detection by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method

Platelet Transfusion Facts

Hematological manifestations of systemic illness

Thalassemia

Administration of Blood

Aplastic Anemia

Significance of Karyotyping in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Clinical Tools

Clinical Vignettes

Diseases & Conditions

Drugs Interaction Calculator

Podcasts

Patient Management Online

Diagnostic Dilemma

Question of the Day

Diagnostic Aid

VACCINE REMINDER

"Get the Vaccine Schedule for your child."

Ask Queries

SPECIALIST ANSWERS

Today's Poll

Should teicoplannin, colistin be used in case of neonatal sepsis where culture does not reveal any organism_?

No, it should be used only after drug sensitivity report

Yes, under guidance of an infectious disease expert

Vote

Results

ADMINISTRATION OF BLOOD

Related Topics

Introduction

Blood Transfusion Filters and Blood Warming

Dr. Mukesh Desai
Consultant Pediatric Hematologist-H.N. Hospital,
Consultant Pediatric Hematologist-Nanavati Hospital.

Continued...

ADVERSE REACTIONS TO BLOOD TRANSFUSION :

TREATMENT and work up of AIHTR :

PREVENTION	- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	STOP BLOOD COMPONENT TRANSFUSION IMMEDIATELY Maintain IV access with crystalloid Maintain Blood pressure , pulse Maintain adequate ventilation Give a diuretic and/or institute fluid diuresis Obtain blood urine for transfusion reaction workup Give a diuretic and/or institute fluid diuresis Obtain blood urine for transfusion reaction workup IF INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS IS CONFIRMED, Monitor renal status ( BUN , Creatinine ) Monitor coagulation status ( PT , PTT , fibrinogen , FDP ) Monitor for signs of hemolysis ( bilirubin , LDH , haptoglobulin) If sepsis is suspected send appropriate cultures. Minimize human error Delineation of every step from phlebotomist to medical technologist to Transfusionist. Education of transfusionist as he has the last opportunity to prevent misidentification and the first one to identify transfusion reaction.

NON IMMUNE HEMOLYSIS :BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION :

Etiology	- - - - - - - - -	Healthy donor with transient bacteremia Asymptomatic carrier of bacterial infection Contamination of anticoagulant in blood bag Defect in plastic bag Improper handling of needles Inadequate sterilization of skin During component preparation During storage: platelets stored at 20 to 22degree C. Temperature fluctuations

Organisms :		Psychrophilic gram negative bacteria; pseudomonas, Citrobacter Freundii, E coli, Yersina enterocolitica, Bartonella, Brucella Staphylococci, Diphtheroids.

Reaction :		Due to endotoxin

Risk of bacterial contamination :		1 : 500 000 Red blood cells. 1 : 10,200 platelets. 1 : 19,500 platelet pheresis.

	- - - - - - -	Risk is higher if there is improper storage condition for blood Blood warming prior to transfusion Keeping blood in unmonitored nursing station or nursing home refrigerator. Giving blood over prolonged duration Using blood transfusion set for more than one bag Entry port contamination while thawing blood component Insertion of medication

Fatality rate :		26%

Clinical features:		Fever - 40 degree C with rigors, shock, DIC, Renal failure, Hemoglobinuria, abdominal cramps, Diarrhea and vomiting.

TREATMENT and WORK-UP :

PREVENTION	- - - - - - - - - - - -	STOP TRANSFUSION Inspect blood bag for sign of bacterial overgrowth, Cells or plasma, brownish or purple color, Clots, opaque or muddy Plasma, Peculiar odor, Hemolysis. Do Gram stain for organism. Send cultures from blood bag at 4 degree Celsius , 20-24 degree Celsius, 35-37 degree Celsius. Antibiotics Treatment similar to AIHTR Attention to storage conditions Proper sterilization of phlebotomy site Sterile connecting device while component preparation Inspection of blood prior to issue Education of transfusionist regarding proper administration of blood Open system to be infused with in 24 hrs and preferably before 6 hrs of preparation.

Next : Adverse Reactions To Blood Transfusion(Contd.)

Mail To Your Friend

Print This Article

TOP SEARCH TERMS

Iron Deficiency Health Consequences

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Bleeding in Children

Hemophilia in Children

Congenital Immunodeficiency Detection

Red Cell Substitutes

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

HPLC Working Technique

Platelet Transfusion

Systemic Illness Hematological Manifestations

Thalassemia Management

Blood Administration

Aplastic Anemia Causes and Diagnosis

Aplastic Anemia Treatment Strategies

Diseases & Conditions

Pediatric Oncall Journal

Pediatric Conferences

Ped Tools

Adverse Drug Reactions

Pediatric oncall book store

Partner Sites

Infection in Children

Pedcall

Medical ADRIS

Vaccine Reminder

Pediatric Oncall Journal

Educational Section

Disclaimer:

The information given by www.pediatriconcall.com is provided by medical and paramedical & Health providers voluntarily for display & is meant only for informational purpose. The site does not guarantee the accuracy or authenticity of the information. Use of any information is solely at the user's own risk. The appearance of advertisement or product information in the various section in the website does not constitute an endorsement or approval by Pediatric Oncall of the quality or value of the said product or of claims made by its manufacturer.

Sitemap For Doctor

Sitemap For Parent

Sitemap For Kids