Polio vaccine on Immunization

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Immunization and Vaccination

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Indian Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Immunization (IAPCOI) recommendation for polio vaccine:

Child who has not received any polio vaccination so far: OPV at birth, OPV and IPV at 6, 10 and 14 weeks. OPV and IPV at 15-18 mths and OPV at 5 years. OPV on all pulse polio immunization days.
Child who has completed primary series of OPV: IPV may be offered as catch up vaccination for children less than 5 years of age who have completed primary immunization with OPV. IPV can be given two doses at 2 month interval. OPV need not be given with these IPV doses. OPV should be given with the first and 2nd boosters of DTP

Polio vaccine storage and dosing
OPV is a very heat sensitive vaccine having a shelf life of 2 years at a temperature of -20°C, 6 months at 2 to 8°C and 1-3 days at room temperature. OPV should be stored at -20°C at the state and district level and in the freezer at the clinic level. The vaccine must reach the outreach facility at 2 to 8°C in vaccine carriers. The dose is 2 drops orally. IPV should be stored at 2 to 8°C and the dose is 0.5 ml intramuscularly/subcutaneously.

References:

World Health Organization (WHO). Poliomyelitis. Available at URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs114/en/index.html. Accessed on 15th May 2011
Dowdle WR, De Gourville E et al. Polio eradication: the OPV paradox. Rev Med Virol 2003;13(5):277-91.
Parent du Chatelet I, Merchant AT, Fisher-Hoch S. Serological response and poliovirus excretion following different combined oral and inactivated poliovirus vaccines immunization schedules. Vaccine 2003;21(15):1710-8.
Yeh SH, Ward JI, Partridge S et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a pentavalent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and polio combination vaccine in infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001;20(10):973-80.
Update on Immunization Policies, Guidelines and Recommendation. Indian Pediatrics2004; 41: 239-244.
Mittal SK, Mathew JL. Vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis. Indian J Pediatr 2003; 70: 573-577.
Thakker N, Shendurniker N. Controversies in Polio Immunization. Indian J Pediatr 2003; 70: 567-571.
Core information for the development of Immunization Policy. WHO- Vaccines and Biologicals. 2002 Update
IAP guidebook on Immunization. Available at URL: http://www.iapcoi.com/pdf/IAP%20GUIDE%20BOOK%20ON%20IMMUNIZATION%20
INDIVIDUAL%20VACCINES.pdf.

Accessed on 15th May 2011

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