
Infectious Diseases in Children
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Infectious Diseases in Children
An infectious disease is a clinically evident illness resulting from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including pathogenic viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites, and aberrant proteins known as prions.
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Chikungunya: Indian Perspective
Chikungunya fever is a viral disease transmitted to human by the infected mosquito bite. The name has been derived from a Makonde word meaning "that which bends up" reference to some victims' inability to walk up right.
1. The disease was first described in 1952, following an outbreak in the Makonde plateau along the border between Tanganyika and Mozambique.
2. Since then the disease has been observed repeatedly in west, central and southern Africa and many areas of Asia and has been cited as the cause of numerous human epidemics.
Chikungunya fever is a viral disease transmitted to human by the infected mosquito bite. The name has been derived from a Makonde word meaning "that which bends up" reference to some victims' inability to walk up right.
1. The disease was first described in 1952, following an outbreak in the Makonde plateau along the border between Tanganyika and Mozambique.
2. Since then the disease has been observed repeatedly in west, central and southern Africa and many areas of Asia and has been cited as the cause of numerous human epidemics.
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Enteric Fever : Infectious Diseases in Children
Enteric Fever :
It is a systemic infection caused by salmonella bacillus. S. typhi causes typhoid fever and S.paratyphi A & B cause paratyphoid fever.
Mode of Infection
Humans are the only natural reservoirs of S. typhi. Ingestion of food or water contaminated with human faeces is the most common mode of transmission. The salmonella organisms after ingestion attack the microvilli of the ileal brush borders and invade the intestinal epithelium through the Peyer's patches. These enter the thoracic duct causing transient bacteremia. These organisms then seed the reticuloendothelial organs (bone-marrow, liver, spleen) and other organs.
It is a systemic infection caused by salmonella bacillus. S. typhi causes typhoid fever and S.paratyphi A & B cause paratyphoid fever.
Mode of Infection
Humans are the only natural reservoirs of S. typhi. Ingestion of food or water contaminated with human faeces is the most common mode of transmission. The salmonella organisms after ingestion attack the microvilli of the ileal brush borders and invade the intestinal epithelium through the Peyer's patches. These enter the thoracic duct causing transient bacteremia. These organisms then seed the reticuloendothelial organs (bone-marrow, liver, spleen) and other organs.
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