Diet for Kidney/Renal Stones : Symptoms,Signs,Causes,Types

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Diet for Renal Stones

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DIET FOR RENAL (KIDNEY) STONES

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What is Renal(Kidney) Stones

Modification of Diet in Urinary Calculi

Mrs. Jesal Shah
Consulting Dietician

Symptoms:- Very often it is possible to have a kidney stone without it causing any symptoms at all especially if it is lying stationary within the kidney. They may be related to recurrent kidney infections. However if a stone passes down the ureter towards the bladder it generally causes a severe colicky pain in the back just above the ribs and follows the course of the stone. Once the stone reaches the bladder, the pain subsides. Stone blocking the flow of urine must be removed (surgically or through sound/shock waves). Microscopic hematuria (blood in urine) and abdominal pain are the presenting symptoms in majority of the cases.

Causes:- Although primary hyperabsorption (increased absorption) of dietary calcium is the most commonly detected metabolic abnormality in children with urinary stones, other conditions including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, gastrointestinal disorders and urinary tract infections carry enhanced risk for stone formation.

Types of stones:The types of minerals that create kidney stones vary. Many are made from calcium in people who have a very high calcium diet or who have a medical condition which causes them to have high levels of calcium in their blood, such as hyperparathyroidism. A substance called as oxalate can be found in some stones often in people who have a diet high in spinach, nuts, etc. Uric acid stones can occur as a result of gout or in certain metabolic disorders (where there is too much uric acid in the blood). A very rare component of kidney stones is a substance called cystine, which in some people can be leaked in high quantities into the urine.

In brief: Most stones contain
Calcium oxalate (60%)
Calcium phosphate (9%)
Or a combination of both (11%)

Less common stones are composed of
Uric acid
Cystine stones
Struvite stones (also known as infectious stones)
Xanthine stones (rare*)

Next : Modification of Diet in Urinary Calculi

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