MARASMUS :-

Severe growth failure and emaciation are the most striking characteristics of the marasmic infant.

Marasmus differs from kwashiorkor in several important aspects :-

Marasmus	Kwashiorkor
The onset is earlier, usually in the first year of life	Onset is later, after the breast-feeding is stopped.
Growth failure is more pronounced.	Not very Pronounced.
There is no edema	Edema is present.
Blood protein concentration is reduced less markedly.	Blood protein concentration is reduced very much.
Skin changes are seen less frequently.	Red boils and patches are classic symptoms.
Liver is not infiltrated with fat	Fatty liver is seen.
Recovery is much longer.	Recovery period is short.

ARE THESE CHILDREN MENTALLY AFFECTED?

Yes, in fact one of the most serious problem of PEM is the mental slowness that may occur. Malnutrition can have two effects on the child's mental development.

• If the nutrients required for multiplication & growth of the brain cells are lacking during the period of most rapid development, then it's highly unlikely that the deficiency can be corrected by improved nutrition once the time cycle for brain development has gone.



• Malnutrition in the preschool years may cause interference in learning. The apathy, lack of curiosity & reduced activity of the malnourished child will reduce the amount of learning.

Thus, the development of behavioral characteristics expected of the normal child at any given age may be delayed for months or years & may sometimes never be fully corrected.

IS THERE A TREATMENT FOR PCM? HOW CAN ONE PREVENT IT?

• The most practical approach for the prevention of PEM is through diet or the food supply of the child.



• Improving sanitation and programs of immunization so that incidence of infection is greatly reduced.


• If electrolyte imbalance is present then to restore electrolyte and fluid balance.