Malabsorption Syndrome:Management,Prognosis,Treatment

4th Pediatric Infectious Diseases Conference

ISSN 0973 - 0958

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Malabsorption,
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Malabsorption Syndrome Faq's

Dr. Saumil K. Shah
MD, DNB, DM, DNB
GASTROENTEROLOGIST, HEPATOLOGIST, ENDOSCOPIST

Honorary Consultant: Lilavati Hospital And Research Centre

Q. What are the basic principles of management of patients with malabsorption?
A. Management depends on cause of malabsorption and severity of malabsorption. However, broad guidelines to be followed are:

Nutritional support:

Anemias - Hematinic supplements (Iron, Vitamin B12, Folic Acid).
Specific deficiencies of vitamins, minerals and trace elements - Oral supplementation (Fat soluble vitamins, calcium, magnesium, zinc, etc.).
Temporary lactose restriction for patients with secondary lactase deficiency.
High-protein, low-fat diet.
Medium-chain triglycerides preferred as fat substitutes.
Avoid food items, which aggravate symptoms.

Symptomatic treatment:

Diarrhea - Loperamide or Diphenoxylate
Cholestyramine (in patients with limited ileal disease)

Treatment of underlying disease:

Specific therapy for underlying disease is of utmost importance.

Celiac sprue - Avoid wheat, barley, rye and oats in diet.
Bacterial overgrowth syndrome - Antibiotics.
Giardiasis - Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Albendazole.
Strongyloidiasis - Thiabendazole, Albendazole, Mebendazole, Ivermectin.
Tuberculosis - Anti tuberculosis therapy.
Crohn's disease - Aminosalicylates, Corticosteroids
Tropical sprue - Antibiotics, Folic acid.
Chronic pancreatitis - Pancreatic enzymes.

Q. What is the prognosis of a patient having malabsorption?
A. Once diagnosis of malabsorption has been made, prognosis primarily depends on the cause of malabsorption. However, once the cause is found, prognosis is reasonably good in most cases, if medical and diet therapy is rigorously followed. Infectious causes if treated adequately have excellent.

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