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| Four year old child with clitoromegaly |
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Q. Vaswani ND, Lekhwani S
Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, PGIMS, Rohtak, India
Address for Correspondence: Dr N D Vaswani, 55, 9J medical campus PGIMS ROHTAK, India. Email: dr_vaswani@yahoo.co.in
A four year old female child born from non consanguineous marriage {weight 15 kg and height 102 cm with upper segment, lower segment ratio 1:1} presented with clitoral enlargement in pediatric out-patient department of tertiary teaching care hospital in Haryana. According to parents, problem was present since birth but has increased from past one year. No other physical abnormality was detected in that child. On that basis diagnosis of clitoromegaly was suspected. Blood investigations revealed raised levels of testosterone {1.58 ng, ml}, and 17 a-hydroxy progesterone {223.10 ng, ml} with serum electrolytes within normal limits. FSH was raised {3.44 mIU, ml} while LH was normal. Thyroid function tests were normal. Karyotyping revealed female chromosomal complement with no numeric or structural anomalies {46 XX}. Magnetic resonance imaging of pelvis showed a small uterus and hypoplastic vagina. No definite testicular tissue was identified. There was prominence of ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles forming a penile like structure with urethral meatus at the base of structure. Bilateral adrenal prominence was noted. X-ray wrist revealed increased bone age {7 years}.
What is the diagnosis_?
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Answer : Clitoromegaly, otherwise a rare condition, if presents in childhood usually is attributed to congenital adrenal hyperplasia {CAH} in which adrenal gland produces additional androgens and 21 a-hydroxylase deficiency accounts for 95 percent of diagnosed cases. {1} This was a case of simple virilizing CAH with some residual activity of 21-hydroxylase, {2} hence mineralocorticoid deficiency was insignificant and salt wasting did not occur. Adrenal testosterone production was suppressed by glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone.
References
1} Nimkarn S, New MI. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: A paradigm for prenatal diagnosis and treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010` 1192: 5-11
2} Nimkarn S, Lin-Su K, New MI. Steroid 21 hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2009` 38: 699-718
Last Updated: 15th June 2010. Vol 7 Issue 6 Art # 37 |
| Correct Answers |  71% |
Last Shown: 6/14/2010 4:20:37 AM |
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