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| DIET IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
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In
brief:Most
stones contain
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calcium
oxalate (60%) |
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Calcium
phosphate (9%) |
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Or
a combination of both (11%) |
| Less
common stones are composed of |
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Uric
acid |
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Cystine
stones |
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Struvite
stones (also known as infectious stones) |
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Xanthine
stones (rare*) |
MODIFICATION
OF DIET IN URINARY CALCULI
Calcium
oxalate stones:
- Fluid
intake:
It should be increased to 3000ml/ day or
more depending on the tolerance of the patient, since it helps
to dilute urine to produce less concentration of the constituents
of the stone. Liquids that could be consumed are fruit juices,
barley water, coconut water, limejuice etc.
- Diet:
- Avoid
a high protein diet.
- Calcium
restriction: This may be restricted along with oxalate. Generally
foods rich in calcium are rich in phosphorus with the exception
of meat which contains less calcium but is very rich in phosphorus
(table 1.1 & 1.2).
- Oxalate
restriction: All foods that contain large amounts of oxalates
should be avoided if the stone is a calcium- oxalate stone
(table 1.3).
- Avoid
taking vitamin, mineral supplements.
- Avoid
too much vitamin C and calcium containing antacids.
- Avoid
vegetables and fruits containing seeds such as tomatoes,
ladys finger, brinjal, capsicum, watermelon, guava etc.
Uric
acid stones:
- Avoid
purine rich foods.(Table 1.4)
- Increase
fluid intake.
- Decrease
animal protein.
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Last
updated on 25-03-2003
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