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IMMUNIZATION (VACCINATION)
DISEASES PREVENTED BY VACCINES:

Vaccine Disease Prevented
BCG Tuberculosis
OPV
(Oral Polio Vaccine)
Poliomyelitis.
DPT (Triple Vaccine) D: Diphtheria,
P: Pertussis (Whooping Cough),
T: Tetanus.
Hepatitis – B Vaccine Hepatitis – B
Measles Vaccine Measles
MMR Vaccine M: Mumps,
M: Measles,
R: Rubella (German Measles).

BCG:
BCG is given on the left shoulder. Within 3 – 6 weeks (sometimes a few months) of giving BCG a small swelling/ redness appears at the site of injection. The swelling will soften and subsequently rupture discharging pus. This ulcer takes several weeks to heal, leaving behind a scar. The ulcer should be kept dry and cleaned with soap and water. No ointment/cream is required. There may be an associated swelling in the armpit or in some cases on the neck. It is nothing to be worried about, but if the swelling increases more than 1 cm in diameter or becomes red or soft or attached to the overlying skin, consult your doctor. This swelling may persist for months or years.

If no reaction or mark is seen at BCG injection site after 3 months, consult your doctor. BCG significantly decreases the risk of tuberculous meningitis (Brain TB) and other widespread forms of tuberculosis.

OPV:
OPV given at the time of birth is called zero polio. Total 5 polio doses are given in the first year of life. Over and above that ‘pulses polio’ doses are administered at least twice a year (usually in winter) to all children below 5 years of age, irrespective of number and time of previous polio doses.

Additional doses of polio may be given in a particular area if a case of polio is found in that area.

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Last updated on 23-08-2001

 


 
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