Drug Index

Tolazoline

Mechanism :

An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent, tolazoline HCl is structurally related to phentolamine. By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle, tolazoline has peripheral vasodilating effects and decreases total peripheral resistance. Tolazoline also is a competitive alpha1 and alpha2 adrenergic blocking agent.


Indication :

  • Reduce pulmonary vascular resistance in newborn.
  • Improve pulmonary circulation in ventilated babies.

Contraindications :

Cardiotoxic accumulation can occur quite rapidly in babies with renal failure when tolazoline is given by continuous infusion. Babies given a continuous tolazoline infusion must have their blood pressure measured periodically.


Dosing :

Loading dose IV:
1-2 mg/kg given over 10 minutes. Observe infant for 30 minutes. If a positive response occurs (increased pO2), commence maintenance therapy.
Maintenance dose IV infusion:
1-2 mg/kg/hour. Note: Correct acidosis and hypovolemia prior to administration, infuse through a scalp vein, pulmonary artery catheter, or right upper extremity vein, titrate dose to desired effect.
Doses >5 mg/kg/hour are not likely to increase efficacy. Titrate to discontinue.

Adverse Effect :

Transient tachycardia; peripheral vasodilatation presenting as sweating, hyperalgesia of the lips, piloerection; clear lacrimal and nasal discharge; muscle fasciculation; apprehensiveness. Adverse effects should diminish with time and generally disappear within 2 hours of dosing.


Interaction :

Norepinephrine, Epinephrine: A paradoxical drop in blood pressure can occur followed by a precipitous increase in blood pressure.
Alcohol: Accumulation of acetaldehyde can occur.



Hepatic Dose :

No dosage adjustments are recommended.
08/10/2024 22:53:33 Tolazoline
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