Ceftazidime/Avibactum
Mechanism :
Ceftazidime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
Avibactam inactivates some beta-lactamases and protects ceftazidime from degradation.
Indication :
- Complicated intra-abdominal infections
- Pneumonia, hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated
- Complicated Urinary tract infections
Contraindications :
Known serious hypersensitivity to ceftazidime, avibactam, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
Dosing :
<18 years:
Safety and efficacy not established.
>18 years:
2.5 g (2 g/0.5 g) IV q8hr infused over 2 hours for 5-14 days.
Adverse Effect :
Positive direct coombs test, pruritus, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, constipation.
Interaction :
Chloramphenicol: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Ceftazidime.
Probenecid: May increase the serum concentration of Avibactam.
Tolvaptan: May increase the serum concentration of OAT3 Substrates.
Vitamin K Antagonists (e.g., Warfarin): Cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonists.
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.