Sodium Citrate/Citric acid
Synonym :
Sodium Citrate
Mechanism :
Oral alkalinizing agent.
Indication :
- As long-term therapy to alkalinize the urine for control and/or dissolution of uric acid and cystine calculi
- Treatment of chronic metabolic acidosis secondary to chronic renal insufficiency or syndrome of renal tubular acidosis.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to sodium citrate, citric acid, or any component of the formulation; severe renal impairment; oliguria; azotemia; untreated Addison disease; adynamia episodica hereditaria; acute dehydration; heat cramp; anuria; severe myocardial damage; hyperkalemia; sodium-restricted diet.
Dosing :
Approved for use in children 2 years and older. 1 mL of oral solution contains 1 mEq of bicarbonate and 1 mEq of sodium.
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA):
Start with 2 to 4 meq bicarbonate/kg/day (2 to 4 mL/kg/day) PO in divided doses. Range: 1-7 meq/kg/day in distal RTA and 10-20 meq/kg/day in proximal RTA.
Adverse Effect :
Tetany, metabolic alkalosis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.
Interaction :
Aluminium Hydroxide: Citric Acid Derivatives may increase the absorption of Aluminium Hydroxide.
Amphetamines: Alkalinizing Agents may decrease the excretion of Amphetamines.
Quinine: Alkalinizing Agents may increase the serum concentration of Quinine.
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.