Lam Le Vu Tung1, Bay Huu Luong2, Huong Nguyen Thu2.
1VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam,
2Department of Pediatric Nephrology, National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Abstract
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes from the Leptospira genus, which often leads to a wide range of clinical symptoms. These can vary from flu-like symptoms to more severe manifestations like multi-organ failure. While mild cases often resolve without complications, severe leptospirosis involves the failure of several organs, such as the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart and brain. The combination of jaundice and kidney failure, referred to as Weil's disease iss one of the most well-known forms of the illness. The presence of organ dysfunction signals a more progressed stage of the infection, which can emerge rapidly and is often found in many patients upon initial diagnosis.1
This report highlights autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare complication of leptospirosis in children, with few cases reported in the literature. This report presents an uncommon pediatric case of Weil's disease complicated by AIHA and extreme hyperbilirubinemia, adding to the limited evidence on atypical manifestations in endemic regions and highlighting diagnostic challenges.
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