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Malabsorption Syndromes

Saumil K. Shah
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What are the Basic Principles of Management of Patients with Malabsorption?

Management depends on cause of malabsorption and severity of malabsorption. However, broad guidelines to be followed are:
Nutritional support:
- Anemia: Hematinic supplements (Iron, Vitamin B12, Folic Acid)
- Specific deficiencies of vitamins, minerals and trace elements - Oral supplementation (Fat soluble vitamins, calcium, magnesium, zinc, etc.)
- Temporary lactose restriction for patients with secondary lactase deficiency
- High-protein, low-fat diet
- Medium-chain triglycerides preferred as fat substitutes
- Avoid food items, which aggravate symptoms
Symptomatic treatment:
- Diarrhea: Loperamide or Diphenoxylate
- Cholestyramine (in patients with limited ileal disease)
Treatment of underlying disease: Specific therapy for underlying disease is of utmost importance.
- Celiac sprue: Avoid wheat, barley, rye and oats in diet.
- Bacterial overgrowth syndrome: Antibiotics.
- Giardiasis: Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Albendazole
- Strongyloidiasis: Thiabendazole, Albendazole, Mebendazole, Ivermectin
- Tuberculosis: Anti tuberculosis therapy
- Crohn's disease: Aminosalicylates, Corticosteroids
- Tropical sprue: Antibiotics, Folic acid
- Chronic pancreatitis: Pancreatic enzymes

What is the Prognosis of a Patient Having Malabsorption?

Once diagnosis of malabsorption has been made, prognosis primarily depends on the cause of malabsorption. However, once the cause is found, prognosis is reasonably good in most cases, if medical and diet therapy is rigorously followed. Infectious causes if treated adequately have excellent.

How Long is Therapy Necessary?

It is important to remember that most causes of malabsorption, except infections require continuous supervision by a doctor and necessitate prolonged therapy.

<< How to You Initially Investigate Patients with Malabsorption Syndrome?

Malabsorption Syndromes - Introduction
What are the Causes of Malabsorption in Children?
Most Frequent Causes of Malabsorption In Children In India
Does an Acute Gastrointestinal Infection Lead to Malabsorption?
Where are Specific Food Items Absorbed Along the Gastrointestinal Tract?
When Does One Suspect That a Child has Malabsorption Syndrome?
What Is Steatorrhea?
What are the Signs in a Child with Malabsorption Syndrome?
Why Does Milk And Milk Products Aggravate Diarrhea In Patients With Malabsorption Syndrome?
How to You Initially Investigate Patients with Malabsorption Syndrome?
What are the Specific Tests to Evaluate Malabsorption Syndrome?

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