Amoxicillin

Mechanism :

It is a semisynthetic penicillin which acts by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is penicillate sensitive and is effective against gram positive organisms and gram-negative microorganisms but is inactive against beta-lactamase producing organisms. It is an analog of ampicillin.

Indication :

• Infections of the ear, nose, and throat
• Infections of the genitourinary tract
• Infections of the skin and skin structure
• Infections of the lower respiratory tract
• Gonorrhoea, acute uncomplicated
• Anthrax (off-label)
• Infective Endocarditis (off-label)
• Lyme Disease (off-label)

Contraindications :

A history of hypersensitivity to any penicillin is a contraindication. Infectious mononucleosis patients develop a rash, and therefore use is avoided. Renal and hepatic function should be monitored.

Dosing :

Adverse Effect :

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, serum sickness-like reactions, erythematous maculopapular rashes, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, hypersensitivity vasculitis, anaphylaxis, pseudomembranous colitis, AST/ALT elevation, anemia and urticaria.

Interaction :

Chloramphenicol, Macrolides, Sulphonamides, And Tetracyclines: Interfere with bactericidal action of amoxycillin.
Probenecid: Decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, concurrent use may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.

Renal Dose :

Hepatic Dose :