Normal Saline
Mechanism :
Sodium Chloride is source of water and electrolytes. It is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient. It is a crystalloid given intravenously in case of shock, dehydration, and diarrhoea to increase the plasma volume.
Indication :
- Hyponatremia
- Shock
- Maintenance fluids
- Dehydration
Contraindications :
Contraindicated in any situation where salt retention is undesirable such as edema, heart disease, cardiac decompensation and primary or secondary aldosteronism.
Dosing :
IV. Upto 10 kg:
100 ml/kg/day IV.
10-20 kg:
100 ml/kg/day upto 10 kgs + 50 ml/kg/day above 10 kg.
Above 20 kg:
100 ml/kg/day upto 10 kg + 50 ml/kg/day for 10-20 kg + 20 ml/kg/day above 20 kg.
Adverse Effect :
Infection at the site of injection, thrombophlebitis.
Interaction :
Corticosteroids or Corticotropin: Caution must be exercised in the administration of Sodium Chloride.
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.