Drug Index

Didanosine

Synonym :

DDI

Mechanism :

Didanosine is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue active against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Intracellularly, didanosine is converted by cellular enzymes to the active metabolite, dideoxyadenosine 5-triphosphate. Dideoxyadenosine 5-triphosphate inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase both by competing with the natural substrate, deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, and by its incorporation into viral DNA causing termination of viral DNA chain elongation.


Indication :

  • HIV Infection

Contraindications :

Didanosine is contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated clinically significant hypersensitivity to any of the components of the formulations or if there is a previous history of pancreatic disease. Discontinue therapy if pancreatitis is suspected or pancreatic enzymes are raised. The drug formulations contain phenylalanine and should be avoided in phenylketonurics. Retinal or optic nerve changes have been reported in children and regular eye examinations are recommended at least 6 monthly or if vision disturbance occurs.

Therapy should be discontinued in cases of: peripheral neuropathy, hyperuricemia, raised liver enzymes, rapidly elevating aminotransferase levels, progressive hepatomegaly, hepatitis or lactic acidosis of unknown origin.


Dosing :

Oral: 2 weeks to 3 months:
50 mg/m² orally twice a day.
3-8 months:
100 mg/m² orally twice a day.
9 months to 18 years:
120 mg/m² orally twice a day; if given with zidovudine 90 mg/m²/dose 2 times daily.

Adverse Effect :

Pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, abnormal liver function tests, lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly with steatosis, retinal changes, optic neuritis, hyperuricemia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, taste disturbance, rash, pruritus, allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia.


Interaction :

Ciprofloxacin, Itraconazole, Ketoconazole and Dapsone: may reduce absorption. Avoid taking such drugs within 2 hours of didanosine.

Stavudine: Use with caution with other drugs that may be associated with pancreatic toxicity or peripheral neuropathy such as stavudine.



Renal Dose :

Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
30-59<60 kg: 150 mg daily in 1 or 2 divided doses >60 kg: 200 mg daily in 1 or 2 divided doses
10-29<60 kg: 100 mg daily >60 kg: 150 mg daily
<10<60 kg: 75 mg daily >60 kg: 100 mg daily

Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
CAPDNot dialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/min
HDDialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/ min
HDF/High fluxDialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/ min
CAV/VVHDDialysed. Dose as in GFR=10– 29 mL/min

Hepatic Dose :

No dosage adjustments are recommended.
07/08/2024 09:53:36 Didanosine
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