Carnitine
Synonyms :
L-carnitine, Levocarnitine
Mechanism :
Levocarnitine is a carrier molecule in the transport of long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
It has been shown to facilitate long-chain fatty acid entry into cellular mitochondria, therefore delivering substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain.
Indication :
- Carnitine deficiency
- Fatty acid oxidation defects
- Organic academia
- Valproic acid overdose
- Rett Syndrome
- Cardiomyopathy
Contraindications :
L-Carnitine is contraindicated in patients with renal disease (on dialysis) and history of seizures.
Dosing :
Premature neonates: 8-16 mg/kg/24 hours IV infusion.
Children: Oral 50-100 mg/kg/24 hours in 2-3 divided doses or IV 50 mg/kg/dose 4-6 hourly. Maximum 300 mg/kg/24 hours.
Adolescent: Oral 0.3-1 gm/dose 2-3 times daily oral.
Adverse Effect :
Transient nausea and vomiting, body odour, nausea, and gastritis.
Interaction :
No known interactions found.
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.