Barbiturates

They are used as sedatives, hypnotics, intravenous anaesthetics and in treatment of various diseases.
They are classified as:
1. Long acting: action lasts for 8 to 16 hours. eg. sodium barbitone, phenobarbitone and mephobarbitone

2. Intermediate acting: action lasts for 8 to 10 hours. eg. butobarbitone, amylobarbitone

3. Short acting: action lasts for 3 to 6 hours. eg. cylcobarbitone, hexabarbitone, secobarbital, pentobarbital

4. Ultra short acting: thiopentone and hexobarbitone


Route :
Ingestion
Fatal Dose :
5gm
Fatal Period :
1 to 2 days
Clinical Picture :
The stages of barbiturate poisoning are as follows:
1. awake, competent
2. sedated, reflexes present
3. comatose and reflexes present
4. comatose and areflexia
5. comatose with respiratory and circulatory disturbances

• Barbiturate automatism: with therapeutic dose there is induction of sleep and sometimes there results mental confusion so that person takes more drug
• In acute poisonin: giddiness, ataxia, slurred speech, stupor, flaccid limbs, areflexia, diplopia, absent bowel sounds and pupils that show alternate contraction and dilation. face becomes cyanosed, hypotension, hypothermia, bullae or blisters on skin{ barbiturate bullae}

Treatment :
• Gastric lavage
• enema and purgatives
• Maintain respiration
• Bemigrid, 50mg and Daptazol 15mg in i.v. drip
• Coramine, 5 to 10 ml i.v.
• Maintenance of BP
• Prophylactic antibiotics
• Diuresis, peritoneal or hemodialysis
• Symptomatic treatment
08/12/2024 10:18:25 Barbiturates
Disclaimer: The information given by www.pediatriconcall.com is provided by medical and paramedical & Health providers voluntarily for display & is meant only for informational purpose. The site does not guarantee the accuracy or authenticity of the information. Use of any information is solely at the user's own risk. The appearance of advertisement or product information in the various section in the website does not constitute an endorsement or approval by Pediatric Oncall of the quality or value of the said product or of claims made by its manufacturer.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0