Emtricitabine

Mechanism :

Emtricitabine, a synthetic nucleoside analog of cytosine, is phosphorylated by cellular enzymes to form emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate. Emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate inhibits the activity of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and by being incorporated into nascent viral DNA which results in chain termination.

Indication :

• HIV infection

Contraindications :

Contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the products.

Dosing :

Adverse Effect :

Headache, diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, dizziness, depression, insomnia, rash, abnormal dreams, asthenia, abdominal pain, increased cough, rhinitis, paresthesia, neuropathy, somnolence, palmar-plantar hyperpigmentation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspepsia, hyperglycemia; increased cholesterol, amylase, triglycerides, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, hepatic enzymes.

Interaction :

Fat Redistribution: Redistribution/accumulation of body fat including central obesity, dorsocervical fat enlargement (buffalo hump), peripheral wasting, facial wasting, breast enlargement, and "cushingoid appearance" have been observed in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.
Immune Reconstitution Syndrome: During the initial phase of combination antiretroviral treatment, patients whose immune system responds may develop an inflammatory response to indolent or residual opportunistic infections (such as Mycobacterium avium infection, cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), or tuberculosis), which may necessitate further evaluation and treatment.

Renal Dose :

Hepatic Dose :