Ceftazidime
Mechanism :
Ceftazidime is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam antibiotic for parenteral administration. Cephalosporins are bactericidal because of their inhibition of cell-wall synthesis.
Indication :
Contraindications :
Ceftazidime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics.
Dosing :
Neonates:
<7 days or those >7 days but <1200 gm: 50 mg/kg/dose IM/IV every 12 hourly.
>7 days: 50 mg/kg/dose IM/IV every 8 hourly.
1 month-12 years: 30-50 mg/kg IV every 8 hours; maximum dose: 6 g/day.
>12 years: 1-2 g IV every 8 hours.
Adverse Effect :
Phlebitis, pruritus, rash, fever, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
Interaction :
Nephrotoxicity: Concomitant administration of cephalosporins with aminoglycoside antibiotics or potent diuretics such as furosemide.
Chloramphenicol: Antagonistic to beta-lactam antibiotics, including ceftazidime.
Renal Dose :
Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
| 31-50 | 1-2 g every 12 hours |
| 16-30 | 1-2 g every 24 hours |
| 6-15 | 500 mg – 1 g every 24 hours |
| <5 | 500 mg - 1 g every 48 hours |
Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
| CAPD | Dialysed. 500 mg – 1 g every 24 hours |
| HD | Dialysed. 500 mg – 1 g every 24–48 hours |
| HDF/High flux | Dialysed. 500 mg – 1 g every 24–48 hours |
| CAV/VVHD | Dialysed. 2 g every 8 hours1 or 1–2 g every 12 hours |
| CVVHD/HDF | Dialysed. 2 g every 12 hours3 |
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.