Cefaclor
Mechanism :
Cefaclor is a semisynthetic second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. Cephalosporins are bactericidal because of their inhibition of cell-wall synthesis.
Indication :
- Tonsillitis
- Rhinosinusitis
- Otitis media
- External otitis
- Epiglottitis
- Impetigo
- Pyoderma
- Gonococcal infection
- Pyelonephritis
- Cystitis
Contraindications :
Cefaclor is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics.
Dosing :
Oral:
20 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses. In serious infections, dose can be doubled.
Adverse Effect :
Serum-sickness-like reactions; erythema multiforme, rashes, arthritis/arthralgia, with or without fever. Other side effects observed are diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, transient hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice, transient lymphocytosis, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, reversible neutropenia, hyperactivity, insomnia, dizziness, hallucinations.
Interaction :
Probenecid: Prolongs serum penicillin levels by slowing the rate of excretion by competitively inhibiting renal tubular secretion.
Warfarin: Prolongation of prothrombin time.
Renal Dose :
Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
| 20-50 | Dose as in normal renal function |
| 10-20 | Dose as in normal renal function |
| <10 | 250 mg every 8 hours |
Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
| CAPD | Dialysed. 250 mg every 8–12 hours |
| HD | Dialysed. 250–500 mg every 8 hours |
| HDF/High flux | Dialysed. 250–500 mg every 8 hours |
| CAV/VVHD | Dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function |
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.