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TEACHING FILES (GRAND ROUNDS)
 
DOI : 10.7199/ped.oncall.2012.75
   
 
 
Title : EXPOSURE TO XDR-TB
 
Author Details : Ira Shah
Medical Sciences Department, Pediatric Oncall, Mumbai

Address for Correspondence: Pediatric Oncall, 1, B Saguna, 271, B St Francis Road, Vile Parle {W}, Mumbai 400056
 
Clinical Problem : A 3½ years old girl is in contact with an adult suffering from XDR-TB. Her Mantoux test is also positive. She is otherwise asymptomatic. Her Chest X-Ray is normal
 
Question : How should this child be treated_?
 
Expert Opinion : This child has latent TB, is less than 5 years of age and is in contact with an adult having TB. Thus this child should receive prophylaxis for TB. As per WHO, prophylaxis for latent TB is 6 months of INH. However, this child is in contact with an adult having XDR-TB. Thus she may have been exposed to resistant bug. Thus INH may not be protective. There is not enough literature to determine which drug should be given as prophylaxis in such a scenario. The WHO recommends a wait and watch policy in such a situation and to treat the child only when the child becomes symptomatic. There are reports of use of pyrazinamide and ofloxacin prophylaxis in such situations but it is not recommended as you may actually lead to more drug resistance in the child.

E-published: December 2012 Vol 9 Issue 12 Art No. 75
 
Funding : None
 
Conflict of Interest : None
 
DOI No. : 10.7199/ped.oncall.2012.75
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