Teicoplanin
Mechanism :
It is an antibiotic that acts against coagulase producing Gram-positive cocci. It is used in the treatment of endocarditis, peritonitis, septicemia, osteoarthritis.
Indication :
- Severe Gram-positive infections
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity.
Dosing :
Initial:
10 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours for 3 doses IV and then 6 mg/kg/day IV/IM 24 hourly.
Neonates:
Initial dose is 16 mg/kg and maintenance dose is 8 mg/kg/day IV. Infuse over 30 mins.
Adverse Effect :
Fever, chills, allergic reactions, GI disturbances, headache, dizziness, “red-man” syndrome, disturbances in liver enzymes, renal impairment, ototoxicity, blood dyscrasias, erythema and thrombophlebitis at site of administration.
Rare: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Interaction :
Other nephrotoxic and/or neurotoxic drugs.
Renal Dose :
Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
| 20-50 | Give normal loading dose, then dose as in normal renal function |
| 10-20 | Give normal loading dose, then 200–400 mg every 24–48 hours |
| <10 | Give normal loading dose, then 200–400 mg every 48–72 hours |
Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
| CAPD | Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/min |
| HD | Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/min |
| HDF/High flux | Dialysed. Dose as in GFR<10 mL/min |
| CAV/VVHD | Unknown dialysability. Dose as in GFR=10–20 mL/min |
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.